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Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA, Wegener's Granulomatosis)Definition:%u2022 Systemic vasculitis affecting small and medium-sized vesselsClinical features:%u2022 Upper respiratory tract involvement (sinusitis, epistaxis, nasal crusting)%u2022 Lower respiratory tract involvement (nodules, cavities, hemorrhage)%u2022 Glomerulonephritis%u2022 Ocular inflammation%u2022 Skin lesionsInvestigations:%u2022 Positive c-ANCA (anti-PR3)%u2022 Elevated inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP)%u2022 Chest X-ray/CT: pulmonary nodules or infiltrates%u2022 Tissue biopsy: necrotizing granulomatous inflammationTreatment:%u2022 Induction: Cyclophosphamide or rituximab + high-dose corticosteroids%u2022 Maintenance: Azathioprine, methotrexate, or rituximab
