Major Nerves of the Upper Limb

Major Nerves of the Upper Limb

  1. Radial Nerve

    • Innervation : All extensors of the hand, including wrist extension, finger extension, and elbow extension.
    • Consequence of Damage : Radial nerve palsy can lead to wrist drop, which prevents extension of the wrist and fingers.

  2. Ulnar Nerve

    • Innervation : All intrinsic hand muscles except the LOAF muscles (Lateral lumbricals, Opponens pollicis, Abductor pollicis brevis, Flexor pollicis brevis) which are innervated by the median nerve.
    • Consequence of Damage : Ulnar nerve palsy can result in claw hand, which is characterized by the inability to extend the fourth and fifth fingers.

  3. Median Nerve

    • Innervation : Innervates the LOAF muscles (Lateral lumbricals, Opponens pollicis, Abductor pollicis brevis, Flexor pollicis brevis).
    • Consequence of Damage : Damage can lead to difficulties in thumb movement and grip strength.

Clinical Significance

  • The damage to these nerves can cause significant functional deficits, affecting daily activities and overall quality of life.
  • Understanding the innervation patterns and the consequences of nerve damage is essential for diagnosing and managing upper limb neuropathies.

Summary

The radial, ulnar, and median nerves are crucial for the movement and sensation of the upper limb. Knowledge of their roles and the implications of injuries is vital for healthcare professionals involved in the treatment of neurological and musculoskeletal conditions.

Additional Resources:

For further information, refer to Wikipedia - Major Nerves of the Upper Limb.