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Respiratory Acidosis vs. Respiratory Alkalosis: Key DifferencesDefinition:%u2022 Respiratory Acidosis: Excess CO2 retention leading to decreased pH%u2022 Respiratory Alkalosis: Excess CO2 elimination leading to increased pHpH:%u2022 Respiratory Acidosis: Decreased (< 7.35)%u2022 Respiratory Alkalosis: Increased (> 7.45)PaCO2:%u2022 Respiratory Acidosis: Increased (> 45 mmHg or 6.0 kPa)%u2022 Respiratory Alkalosis: Decreased (< 35 mmHg or 4.7 kPa)Common Causes:%u2022 Respiratory Acidosis:%u2022 COPD, severe asthma, pneumonia%u2022 CNS depression (e.g., drug overdose)%u2022 Neuromuscular disorders%u2022 Respiratory Alkalosis:%u2022 Anxiety, pain, fever%u2022 Mechanical overventilation%u2022 Early salicylate poisoningCompensatory Mechanism:%u2022 Respiratory Acidosis: Metabolic alkalosis (%u2191 HCO3-)%u2022 Respiratory Alkalosis: Metabolic acidosis (%u2193 HCO3-)Clinical Symptoms:%u2022 Respiratory Acidosis: Drowsiness, confusion, headache%u2022 Respiratory Alkalosis: Lightheadedness, paresthesias, tetanyTreatment Approach:%u2022 Respiratory Acidosis: Treat underlying cause, improve ventilation%u2022 Respiratory Alkalosis: Treat underlying cause, normalize breathing patternRemember: Always consider the underlying cause when managing respiratory acid-base disorders.