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Management of Esophageal Cancer%u2022 CT chest/ ab domen, PET scan, endoscopic ultrasou ndStaging:%u2022 End oscop ic mucosal resection (for very early tumors)%u2022 Esophagectomy%u2022 Neoadjuvan t ch emo radiotherap y followed by su rgery%u2022 Defin itive chemoradiotherapy for no n-surgical candidates%u2022 Palliative chemotherapy%u2022 Tar geted therapy (e.g., trastu zumab for HE R2-positiv e tu mors)Trea tment approach based on stage:%u2022 Tr anshiatal esop hagectomy%u2022 Tr anstho racic esoph agectomySurgical options:%u2022 Stenting for dy sph agia%u2022 Feeding tube placemen t%u2022 Pain managementPalliative interventions:%u2022 Regular endoscopy and imaging%u2022 Nutritio nal support%u2022 Smoking cessation counselingFollow-up:%u2022 5-year surviv al: 15-25% overall%u2022 Better outcomes with early-stage disease and multimodal treatmentPrognosis:
