Page 61 - Demo

UTI in Children: OverviewAspect DetailsAge Groups %u2022 Neonates (<1 month)%u2022 Infants (1-12 months)%u2022 Young children (1-5 years)%u2022 Older children (>5 years)Common Pathogens %u2022 Escherichia coli (80-90%)%u2022 Klebsiella%u2022 Proteus%u2022 EnterococcusRisk Factors %u2022 Vesicoureteral reflux%u2022 Urinary tract abnormalities%u2022 Poor hygiene%u2022 ConstipationClinical Presentation %u2022 Fever (may be the only symptom in infants)%u2022 Irritability, poor feeding (infants)%u2022 Abdominal/flank pain%u2022 Dysuria, frequency, urgency (older children)%u2022 Vomiting, diarrheaDiagnosis %u2022 Urinalysis: leukocyte esterase, nitrites%u2022 Urine culture: CFU/mL (clean catch)%u2022 Imaging: Ultrasound, VCUG if recurrentTreatment %u2022 Oral antibiotics for uncomplicated cases%u2022 IV antibiotics for severe cases or young infants%u2022 Common choices: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,amoxicillin-clavulanate, cephalosporinsFollow-up %u2022 Repeat urine culture 48-72 hours after treatment%u2022 Ultrasound 6 weeks post-infection if first UTI%u2022 Consider prophylaxis for recurrent UTIs