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Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Thyroid SurgeryLocation:%u2022The recurrent laryngeal nerve runs in close proximity to the thyroid gland.%u2022On the right side, it loops around the subclavian artery.%u2022On the left side, it loops around the arch of the aorta.%u2022Both nerves then ascend in the tracheoesophageal groove alongside the thyroid gland.Function%u2022The recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx, except for the cricothyroid muscle.%u2022It is responsible for vocal cord movement and is crucial for phonation (voice production).Surgical Risk:%u2022Due to its close proximity to the thyroid gland, the recurrent laryngeal nerve is at risk of injury during thyroid surgery.%u2022Surgeons must take great care to identify and preserve this nerve during the procedure.Consequences of injury%u2022Unilateral injury:%u2022Results in hoarseness of voice due to paralysis of one vocal cord.%u2022Bilateral injury:%u2022Can cause aphonia (loss of voice) and potentially life-threatening airway obstruction due to both vocal cords being paralyzed in the median or paramedian position.Incidence and Prevention:%u2022 The reported incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in thyroid surgery varies but is generally low in experienced hands (around 1-2% for temporary paralysis, less for permanent).This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA